Growth of Hornbill Feed Seeds at Way Canguk Research Station, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park

Main Article Content

Dimaz Irawan
Nuning Nurcahyani
Priyambodo .
M Kanedi
Laji Utoyo

Keywords

hornbill, feed seeds, SPWC, TNBBS

Abstract





Rangkong merupakan jenis burung pemakan buah (frugivory). Buah yang dikonsumsi rangkong dikategorikandalam buah yang kecil dengan jumlah yang banyakdan jenis buah yang memiliki batu (stone seeds), yaitu jenis fikus dan non fikus. Peran rangkong di hutan sangatlah penting yaitu sebagai penebar bijimelalui sisa makanan dan kotoran rangkong karena sistem pencernaannya yang tidak merusak biji  sehingga mencerminkan hutan yang sehat dan menandakan masih adanya pohon-pohon besar di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Stasiun Penelitian Way Canguk (SPWC) TNBBS Lampung dengan metode observasi  langsung melalui pengamatan laju pertumbuhan biji pakan rangkong secara generatif (semai) pada lokasi yang berbeda. Data disajikandalam bentuk tabel dan diagram kemudian dianalisis secara  deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan diperolehnya biji sebanyak 581 buah dari 12 famili dan 26 spesies serta 7 jenis yang belum teridentifikasi. Nasib biji setelah dimuntahkan tumbuh sebanyak 39% dari keseluruhan biji yang diperoleh dan 61% biji  tidak  mengalami pertumbuhan diduga karena adanya predator biji dan rusaknya biji serta faktor naungan yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan biji. Biji dari buah fikus yang berasal dari defekasi tidak mengalami pertumbuhan. Nilai laju pertumbuhan semai di alam  lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan semai yang berada di media terkontrol atau disekitar kamp SPWC.


 


 




The hornbill is a type of frugivory bird. The fruit consumed by the hornbill is categorized into small fruit with a large number and the type of fruit that has stone seeds, namely ficus and non-ficus types. The role of hornbill in the forest is very important, namely as seed dispersal through food waste and hornbill droppings because their digestive system does not damage the seeds so that it reflects a healthy forest and indicates the presence of large trees in the area. This research was conducted at the Way Canguk Research Station (SPWC) TNBBS Lampung with direct observation by observing the growth rate of generative hornbill feed seeds (seedlings) at different locations. The data is presented in the form of tables and diagrams and then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that 581 seeds were obtained from 12 families and 26 species and 7 species that had not been identified. The fate of seeds after vomiting grew as much as 39% of the total seeds obtained and 61% of seeds did not experience growth, presumably due to seed predators and seed damage and shading factors that could inhibit seed growth. Seeds of ficus fruit from defecation did not grow. The value of the growth rate of seedlings in nature was faster than those in controlled media or around the SPWC camp.


 


 


 





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References

Mardiastuti, A., L.R. Salim & Y.A. Mulyani. 1999. Perilaku makan rangkong Sulawesi pada dua jenis Ficus di Suaka Margasatwa Lambungsango, Buton (Feeding behavior of Sulawesi Red-Knobbed Hornbill on Two Ficus Trees in Lmbungsango Wildlife Sanctuary, Buton). Media konservasi. 6(1):7-10.