Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Three Types of Soil Rhizosphere and Their Potency to Increase Growth of Corn Plants (Zea mays)
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Abstract
Pemberian dosis pupuk P (fosfat) yang tinggi tidak sejalan dengan ketersediaan P dalam tanah karena sebagian besar P terikat oleh Al, Fe dan Ca sehingga tidak tersedia bagi tanaman. Pemanfaatan mikrob pelarut P merupakan salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan P yang dapat diserap oleh tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi, mengkarakterisasi dan menguji potensi mikroba pelarut P yang diisolasi dari tiga jenis rizosfer. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktorial. Serangkaian karakterisasi melalui uji hipersensitivitas, uji pewarnaan gram, uji katalase, uji oksidase, uji kebutuhan oksigen, uji motilitas, kemampuan menggunakan berbagai sumber karbon (glukosa, laktosa, dan sukrosa), uji metil merah, dan uji pertumbuhan pada berbagai pH . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 5 bakteri pelarut P terpilih (Ca-Al-7, Ca-Al-8, Ca-Al-4, Ca-NF-1, dan Ca-NF-3) bukan patogen tanaman, dengan nilai kelarutan fosfat berturut-turut 1,7; 2,9; 2,5; 3,1; 3,2 berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, biomassa segar dan kering tanaman Zea mays setelah inokulasi 4 minggu (p < 0,05).
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